Identidad, estabilidad, amenazas híbridas y desinformación
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Agencias de apoyo
Programa de ciencia para la paz y la seguridad de la OTAN
Dimensions
Contenido principal del artículo
Resumen
El artículo examina la relevancia de los análisis interseccionales y de género para comprender mejor las amenazas híbridas, en particular aquellas que se dirigen cada vez más a entornos civiles. En primer lugar se presentan los conceptos más relevantes, que incluyen: amenazas híbridas y guerra, resiliencia, desinformación, agencia civil e interseccionalidad como método. A partir de estos, se discute cómo se utiliza la desinformación para desestabilizar sociedades atacando directamente los espacios civiles e intentando fomentar la polarización, el malestar o directamente el conflicto. A continuación, se discute cómo los conceptos de desinformación y agencia civil se pueden comprender a través de análisis interseccionales y de género, cuando se abordan contextos civiles complejos al examinar cómo se ha empleado el género (y la raza) para intentar fomentar la desestabilización. Las conclusiones proponen algunas breves reflexiones sobre el papel del género y los enfoques interseccionales en la comprensión de las amenazas híbridas y la guerra, no solo en Europa sino también en otras partes del mundo.
Palabras clave:
desinformación, género, interseccionalidad, desestabilización, identidad, amenazas híbridas
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Freedman, Jane, Gunhild Hoogensen Gjørv, y Velomahanina Tahinjanahary Razakamaharavo. 2021. «Identidad, Estabilidad, Amenazas híbridas Y desinformación». Revista ICONO 14. Revista científica De Comunicación Y Tecnologías Emergentes 19 (1):38-69. https://doi.org/10.7195/ri14.v19i1.1618.
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Esta obra está bajo una licencia de Creative Commons Reconocimiento 4.0 Internacional.
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Flore, M., A. Balahur, A. Podavini and M. Verile (2019). Understanding Citizen’s Vulnerabilities to Disinformation and Data-Driven Propaganda. JRC Technical Reports. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, European Union.
Froio, C. (2019). Nosotros y los otros: la alteridad en los sitios web de la extrema derecha en Francia. DeSignis, (31), 241-270.
Fox, A. C., & Rossow, A. J. (2017). Making Sense of Russian Hybrid Warfare: A Brief Assessment of the Russo-Ukrainian War. Institute of Land Warfare, Association of the United States Army.
Gelfert, A. 2018. “Fake News: A Definition.” Informal Logic 38(1): 84–117.
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Giegerich, B. (2016). Hybrid Warfare and the Changing Character of Conflict. Connections, 15(2), 65-72.
Gopaldas, R. (2019). Digital Dictatorship versus Digital Democracy in Africa.
Haynie, J. (2020). Putin’s Hybrid Wars: A Comparative Analysis of Russian Incursions into Georgia, Ukraine, Bulgaria, and Syria (Doctoral dissertation, Kent State University).
Heffington, Colton. 2017. “Marked Targets: Coercive Diplomacy and Domestic Terrorism.” Journal of Global Security Studies 2(2): 123–36.
Herrero-diz, P,Pérez-escolar M, and Juan F Plaza Sánchez. 2020. “Gender Disinformation : Analysing Hoaxes on Maldito Feminismo.” Icono 14 18(2): 188–215. https://doi.org/10.7195/ri14.v18i2.1509.
Hoffman, Frank G. 2007. “Conflict in the 21st Century: The Rise of Hybrid Wars.” Arlington, VA.
Hoffman, Frank G. 2018. “Examining Complex Forms of Conflict: Gray Zone and Hybrid Challenges.” Prism 7(4): 30–47.
Hoogensen, G. and Stuvøy, K. 2006. Gender, Human Security and Resistance. Security Dialogue 37(2): 207-228.
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nSdprcIPuZkU-2aWwVTqA
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Jakub, J. (2016). The Lisa Case: STRATCOM Lessons for European states (No. 11). Security Policy Working Paper.
Jose, B. and P. A. Medie (2015). “Understanding Why and How Civilians Resort to Self-Protection in Armed Conflict.” International Studies Review 17(4): 515-535.
Juhász, A., and Szicherle, P. (2017). The political effects of migration-related fake news, disinformation and conspiracy theories in Europe. Friedrich Ebert Stiftung, Political Capital, Budapest.
Kaminski, D. (2019). « Hijab de course et running à l’échalote ». La Revue Nouvelle, (3), 24-25
la Cour, C. (2020). « Theorising digital disinformation in international relations ». International Politics, 1-20.
Lanoszka, A. (2016). “Russian hybrid warfare and extended deterrence in eastern Europe.” International Affairs 92(1): 175-195.
Lindley-French, J (2015). NATO: Countering Strategic Maskirovka. Calgary: Canadian Defence and Foreign Affairs Institute.
Mac Ginty R (2010). Hybrid peace: The interaction between top-down and bottomup peace. Security Dialogue 41(4): 391–412. DOI: 10.1177/0967010610374312.
Major, C. and C. Mölling (2015). “A Hybrid Security Policy for Europe: Resilience, Deterrence, and Defence as Leitmotifs.” Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik 22(April 2015): 1-4.
Marwick, A., and Lewis, R. (2017). Media manipulation and disinformation online. New York: Data & Society Research Institute.
Mattheis, A. Shieldmaidens of Whiteness: (Alt) Maternalism and Women Recruiting
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