Open Access Policy: Diamond Route

ICONO14 is a Diamond Open Access journal, which means that it does not charge APCs, submission fees, or any mandatory fees for authors or readers.

The diamond route in our commitment to open access and open science. This philosophy translates into a firm commitment: neither our readers nor our authors are charged for accessing the content or for publishing in our journal. This practice removes economic barriers that could restrict access to knowledge and ensures that discoveries and research are accessible to everyone, regardless of their financial situation. 

By adhering to this policy, we foster a culture of collaboration and dissemination of knowledge, thus promoting innovation and progress in various disciplines. Furthermore, by not depending on charges for authors, we guarantee a rigorous and objective evaluation of the works, maintaining the quality of our publications.

Sustainability and institutional support

ICONO14 operates under a Diamond Open Access sustainability model, based on covering essential structural costs (technological infrastructure, institutional support and editorial production services), without transferring these costs to authors or readers.

Currently, the direct costs associated with the journal’s infrastructure and technical operation (servers, maintenance of the OJS platform, digital preservation, metrics systems and dissemination tools) are sustained through the institutional and organisational support of the Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), the ICONO14 Scientific Association, and the Ciberimaginario Research Group at URJC, as well as through layout and editorial production services. However, a substantial part of the advanced editorial work (scientific management, coordination of peer review, editorial decision-making, ethical oversight, quality control, indexing and continuous improvement) is carried out by the editorial team on a non-remunerated basis.

In line with international recommendations on responsible research assessment (COARA) and with the sustainability diagnoses and proposals developed by initiatives such as DIAMAS, ICONO14 considers it essential that public institutions and national Open Science systems recognise the strategic value of Diamond Open Access journals as institutional assets, and that stable funding models are developed in order to consolidate editorial professionalisation without reproducing commercial logics. This approach strengthens the journal’s role as an Open Science infrastructure oriented towards Journal Value: international visibility, academic impact, editorial transparency and public service to the scholarly ecosystem.

In this regard, according to the Journal Value indicator from SCImago Journal Rank (SJR), ICONO14’s estimated value for 2026 amounts to $439,071, reflecting its contribution as an academic and editorial asset within the scientific ecosystem.

Review system

The Journal ICONO14 carries out a rigorous process of peer-reviewed "double-blind".

Editorial decisions are not based on bibliometric metrics (impact factor, quartiles, or other quantitative indicators), but exclusively on the scientific quality of the manuscript as assessed through peer review, in accordance with the principles of responsible evaluation promoted by COARA.

Review Deadlines

1. Initial notification. Authors will receive an automatic system notification when submitting an original for review, which will serve as proof of submission. This notification is sent to the author's email at the same moment in which the article is sent by the author within the system.
2. Notice of initiation of the review process. The journal has as commitment to communicate to the authors before 30 days the inclusion of their works in review, or on the contrary the return of the same from the closing of the article call for the number to which the original has been referred.
3. Notice of revision of the original. The journal is committed to inform the authors of the results of the evaluation of their articles within a maximum period of 3 months. However, it shall be ensured that this period can be reduced wherever possible depending on the number of originals being revised at that time.
4. Note: For the purposes of these deadlines, the month of August will be considered non-working.

General review criteria

In order for the article to go through the review process, it is initially evaluated by the journal's editorial team:

• Adaptation to the theme and scope of the journal.
• Adaptation to the topics and research questions of the thematic section to the that is sent.    
• Interest and timeliness of the proposal.
• Complete and rigorous adaptation to the publication standards of the journal in all its extremes.

In order for the article to be accepted for publication, regardless of the specific considerations made by the reviewers on the originals received, the articles must comply with the following general considerations. Those originals that do not meet these requirements will be rejected:

• To offer a valuable and significant result to the knowledge of the area, and specifically to the contributions derived from emerging technologies in the field of communication. In this sense, submissions that constitute simple theoretical reviews or framework articles on the state of the issue that do not provide new knowledge through original theoretical approaches should be refrained from. This type of article does not interest the journal.
• Completely respect the publication rules of the section to which they refer.
• Abide completely with the article structure required in the section to which it refers, not only in the form but also in the content and nature required by said scientific presentation model.
• Scrupulously comply with all the ethical requirements for scientific publication subscribed to by the ICONO14 journal.

Body of reviewers

ICONO14 journal has a large body of expert national and international reviewers. Reviewers are experts from outside the authors' circles (co-authors, co-workers, etc.)

The assignment of reviewers of an article is done prioritizing the thematic specialization in the main content of the article to be evaluated.

The author(s) of a work may previously recuse reviewers so that the editors do not take them into account in the selection. The challenge will be made in the inclusion letter (coverletter).

The journal annually publishes the list of reviewers who have participated in the previous year.

Regulations for reviewers

Competence: The reviewers must be specialists in the subject and object of study of the article subject to evaluation. They must refuse the evaluation of those texts in which they consider that they do not have the necessary skills or knowledge to do so.

Responsibility:

• Reviewers should refrain from evaluating texts in which there is a conflict of interest.
• Reviewers must strictly adhere to the established evaluation deadlines. In the event that they cannot meet these deadlines, they must reject the evaluation once the request is received so that the editors can appoint a new reviewer.
• Given the reserved material they receive for evaluation, reviewers will exercise due diligence.

Recognition:

The ICONO14 journal, committed to the maximum recognition of its reviewers, promotes this through different external scientific review accreditation initiatives:

1. Internal certification of the journal. If you wish to have a certificate of the review signed by the editors of the journal, when the review is completed you can request this by completing this form . We will send you the certificate as soon as possible.
2. External certification through Reviews of WOS. This system, integrated within Web of Science (Clarivate), offers you the possibility of incorporating all the scientific reviews you carry out into your WOS profile, facilitating your accreditation before third parties openly. To incorporate your reviews into this system you must have a profile in WOS. Once the review is completed, all you have to do is forward the thank you email that we sent you from the journal confirming receipt of the review to reviews@webofscience.com . The review should appear shortly in your personal WOS Panel, in the "Peer reviews" section.
3. External certification through Reviewer Credits. Reviewer Credits is another very practical system to externally accredit the reviews you carry out, and offers you the option of downloading a certificate with the evaluations carried out in any of the associated journals, among which is the journal ICONO14.
   The system It also includes a review index (RCI, Reviewer Contribution Index) and whose value is integrated into the certificate downloadable from this system.
   To use Reviewer Credits: a) Create your username. b)Within the journal, when you go to submit your review (in review step 3), you will find a box to accept the transfer of data to ReviewerCredits.com. The data that will be transferred are: your email address, your ORCID, the manuscript ID, and the due dates and submission dates of the review.

Call for reviewers

If you are an expert in any of the topics that are part of the journal's focus and wish to participate in the article evaluation process, you can register as a scientific reviewer. To do this, follow the indications that we offer you on the scientific reviewers page.

Conflict of Interest Policy (COI)

ICONO14 requires the identification, disclosure, and appropriate management of any conflict of interest that could influence, or be perceived as influencing, the evaluation, editorial decision-making process, or publication of a manuscript. This policy applies to authors, reviewers, and editors.

1. Authors
Authors must declare any financial, institutional, professional, or personal conflict of interest relevant to the content of the manuscript, as well as the sources of research funding. If no conflicts of interest exist, authors must explicitly state: “The authors declare no conflicts of interest.”

2. Reviewers
Reviewers must refrain from accepting a review if a conflict of interest exists (for example, a personal or professional relationship with the authors, recent collaboration, direct competition, hierarchical dependency, economic or institutional interest), or if they believe they cannot evaluate the manuscript impartially. In such cases, reviewers must inform the editorial team as soon as possible.

3. Editors
Editors who have a conflict of interest regarding a manuscript (for example, recent co-authorship, direct personal or institutional relationship, competitive or financial interest) will not participate in the editorial handling or decision-making process for that submission. The manuscript will be reassigned to another editor or to a member of the editorial board without conflicts of interest, ensuring the independence of the process.

Transparency in publication
Where applicable, conflict of interest and funding statements may be published alongside the article as part of the editorial information of the work.

For inquiries regarding this policy or to report potential undisclosed conflicts of interest, please contact the journal at info@icono14.net.

ICONO14 follows digital preservation and interoperability practices aimed at ensuring permanent accessibility to its digital resources and scholarly outputs, in accordance with the recommendations established by UNESCO (2014) and the Digital Preservation Handbook (Digital Preservation Coalition), reaffirming its commitment to long-term digital preservation and the permanent availability of its scientific content.

To ensure long-term preservation, ICONO14 employs recognized systems such as LOCKSS, which facilitates distributed content archiving across libraries to create permanent records. In addition, the journal participates in the PKP Preservation Network (PKP PN), and its preservation status can be verified through The Keepers Registry. The journal’s contents are also preserved in the institutional repository of Rey Juan Carlos University, BURJC Digital, available at BURJC Digital. Furthermore, the journal is archived in the Spanish Web Archive and in the electronic serial publications archive managed by the National Library of Spain.

In the event that editorial activity ceases, the journal will ensure continued access to its contents through the activated preservation systems (LOCKSS, PKP PN, institutional repositories, and national archives), guaranteeing the long-term permanence and public availability of the scholarly archive. These measures ensure continuous access to academic content and the durable preservation of published research.

To this end, the journal carries out the following processes to ensure preservation and maintain long-term accessibility to its digital objects:

• Preservation metadata: The journal uses internationally recognized metadata standards, including Dublin Core (DCMI), MARC, MODS, and OpenURL, ensuring interoperability and accurate bibliographic description.
• Persistent identifiers: All articles published since 2003 are assigned a DOI (Digital Object Identifier), ensuring permanent identification and reliable resolution within the digital environment.
• Structured formats: Articles are published in structured formats, including XML-JATS, facilitating interoperability, long-term preservation, and content reuse across international scholarly infrastructures.
• Service and data infrastructures for interoperability: The journal uses the OAI-PMH protocol, enabling automated harvesting of its metadata by international aggregators and indexing systems, including those aligned with OpenAIRE guidelines. The journal’s OAI-PMH endpoint is https://icono14.net/ojs/index.php/index/oai (verification: Identify). The OAI repository identifier is ojs.icono14.es.
• Metadata dissemination: The journal’s metadata are deposited and updated in DOAJ and in the corresponding DOI registration systems, ensuring wide dissemination and interoperability.
• File integrity checks: Periodic integrity checks of digital files are conducted using the tools available on the server hosting the journal.
• Semantic interoperability and controlled vocabularies: ICONO14 adopts controlled vocabularies — in particular the UNESCO Thesaurus and EuroVoc — as the reference framework for the standardisation of keywords in published articles, with the aim of enhancing semantic interoperability, discoverability and integration with open knowledge infrastructures in the Social Sciences and Humanities. This practice complements the use of bibliographic metadata standards and exchange protocols, contributing to more precise subject description aligned with the FAIR principles.

The journal of Communication and Emerging Technologies ICONO14 allows its authors to self-archive their articles in all versions (submitted version, accepted version and published version) in:

1. Institutional repositories (university archives...) 
2. Thematic repositories, of preprints  generalists (Zenodo, Hispana, European...)
3. Personal web spaces (web, blog, social networks, scientific forums, etc.)
4. Social networks of an academic and scientific nature (ResearchGate...)

The aforesaid publication must detail all bibliographical data of the publication

ICONO14, in line with its principles of open science and diamond open access, accepts manuscripts that have been previously deposited as preprints in recognised open-access repositories, whether institutional (university archives, BURJC Digital…) or thematic/generalist (Zenodo, arXiv, SocArXiv, SSRN, Hispana, Europeana…, or equivalent).

Depositing a manuscript in a preprint repository is not considered prior publication for editorial purposes, provided that:

1. The work has not been previously published in a peer-reviewed scientific journal.
2. It is not simultaneously under evaluation at another publication.
3. The preprint has been deposited under a licence compatible with ICONO14's copyright policy (CC BY 4.0 is recommended).

Author obligations

• Declare the existence of the preprint in the "Comments for the editor" field at submission, providing the link and the DOI (if available).
• Update the preprint after publication, clearly indicating the full reference of the final version published in ICONO14, the definitive DOI and a link to it, in order to ensure traceability between versions.

Transparency towards reviewers

The existence of the preprint will be communicated to the assigned reviewers, who may take into account, where relevant, any comments the academic community may have contributed to the earlier version of the work. This practice aligns with the recommendations of COPE on editorial transparency and open science.

This policy complements the Self-archiving policy of the journal, which regulates the deposit of versions after publication.

ICONO14, a journal of research and emerging technologies, applies a rigorous control procedure for all submitted manuscripts in order to prevent scientific misconduct. To this end, it aligns with the principles and guidelines of the main international initiatives in editorial ethics, including the recommendations of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), the Council of Science Editors (CSE), and the standards promoted by the World Conference on Research Integrity.

ICONO14 adopts COPE's six Core Principles as the foundation of its editorial policy: accountability; fairness, justice, and equity; integrity; rigour and accuracy; stewardship; and transparency. These principles guide the development and periodic review of the journal's policies, procedures, and editorial decisions.

ICONO14 also takes the Code of Conduct for COPE Members as a reference framework and applies COPE's current guidance and flowcharts when preventing, investigating, and resolving potential ethical breaches. This reference expresses adherence to its standards but does not in itself imply formal COPE membership.

In order to facilitate editorial decision-making in cases where potential unethical behaviour is detected or suspected, the journal applies an operational protocol inspired by the PERK (Publishing Ethics Resource Kit) model, regarding the classification and management of ethical issues:

• Authorship conflicts (authors must explicitly state their individual contribution to the article, in accordance with the journal’s authorship and scientific collaboration policy).
• Plagiarism.
• Duplicate publication, concurrent publication, or simultaneous submission to multiple journals.
• Misappropriation of research results.
• Fraud or serious errors in research.
• Non-compliance with research standards or protocols.
• Undeclared conflicts of interest (authors must identify sources of research funding).
• Bias or inappropriate conduct in the peer review process.

To resolve these cases, the editorial board follows decision flows and best practices widely recognised in international scholarly publishing, including the recommendations set out in Wiley’s Best Practice Guidelines on Publishing Ethics.

Editorial decisions are based exclusively on academic and scientific criteria, and are not influenced by commercial, institutional, or financial interests.

Use of Artificial Intelligence in the editorial process and recommendations for authors

In line with the recommendations established in the COPE guidelines and the Heredia Declaration, ICONO14 promotes the responsible adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools in editorial processes, ensuring the principles of transparency, impartiality, and confidentiality.

Authors must explicitly declare the use of any AI software or application in the drafting, analysis, or revision of their manuscripts, ensuring appropriate attribution and avoiding practices that may lead to bias or misrepresentation.

Artificial Intelligence tools may not be listed as authors of a manuscript, as they cannot assume legal or academic responsibility for published content. Full responsibility for the originality, accuracy, and integrity of the work rests exclusively with the human authors.

The editorial team is committed to assessing the impact of these tools on the peer review process, ensuring academic integrity and the quality of publications at all times.

Good research practices and academic integrity

When the work involves research with human participants and/or the processing of personal data — for example, observational, psychological or behavioural research involving individuals; participation of students subject to evaluation by any of the researchers involved in the project; interviews, surveys or focus groups; or the use of personal or similar data — authors must provide evidence that the study has been favourably reviewed by a Research Ethics Committee (REC), or an equivalent institutional body (IRB/REC), at the institution(s) where the study was conducted.

When, due to the nature of the study design (for example, non-interventional or low-risk research, or the use of fully anonymised data in accordance with applicable regulations), ethical review is not required, authors must provide a formal exemption statement issued by the relevant Research Ethics Committee or equivalent institutional body. Deontological or professional certificates (for example, issued by professional associations or regulatory bodies) may be considered as a framework of good practice, but do not replace institutional ethical review or a formal exemption decision issued by a REC.

ICONO14 aligns its editorial policy with international standards of research integrity and ethics, and follows the recommendations of the European Code of Conduct for Research Integrity (ALLEA) (ALL European Academies), the Research Integrity Practices in Science Europe Member Organisations , as well as the guidelines of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) . ICONO14 also complies with applicable legislation on research and, in particular, the duties of researchers defined in Spain under Law 14/2011, of 1 June, on Science, Technology and Innovation (Article 15) .

Plagiarism detection tools

Procedure in cases of detected plagiarism

If plagiarism is detected, the report will be communicated to the authors along with the reference sources used for comparison, so that they may provide a response before a final decision is made that the manuscript is not publishable.

Authors with a final confirmed plagiarism report will not be allowed to publish again in the journal for a period of 5 years. The journal may also inform the authors’ affiliated institutions in cases of confirmed plagiarism or other serious breaches of academic integrity.

In accordance with the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), Spanish Organic Law 3/2018 on the Protection of Personal Data and Guarantee of Digital Rights (LOPDGDD), and the recommendations of the European Code of Conduct for Research Integrity (ALLEA), research involving the analysis of social media and online content must observe strict principles of data protection and privacy.

As a general rule, when computational methods, big data analysis, or content analysis are used on social media, the publication of personal identifiers (usernames, aliases, profile links, or screenshots displaying them) of accounts that are not institutional or that do not belong to recognised media outlets is not permitted, unless the express consent of the account holder has been obtained. This applies to analyses of influence, dissemination, polarisation, disinformation, or any other socially sensitive phenomena.

The editorial board may require the anonymisation of these accounts in the final versions of manuscripts in order to protect individuals' privacy and avoid possible legal or ethical consequences, in line with the guidelines of the Association of Internet Researchers (AoIR) and the European SHERPA project on ethics and artificial intelligence. It is recommended that identifiers be replaced with codes or generic descriptions and, where necessary for scientific traceability, that original data be kept in protected internal files without being published. This policy also applies to any visual or textual content that may allow indirect identification.

The journal contemplates the following specific cases over and above this general rule:

[+] 1. Reinforced protection of minors

[+] 2. Elected public officials and political leaders in their public communication activity

[+] 3. Public figures performing representative functions of organisations

[+] 4. Persons with digital public relevance (influencers and figures with mass audiences)

Prevalence of structural analysis. In all the foregoing scenarios, the journal reminds authors that the scientific interest of a study on social media communication lies in the structure and patterns of operation observed, not in the individual subject considered in their own right. The analysis of specific figures is justified to the extent that it illuminates generalisable phenomena; otherwise, the work approaches the genre of journalism and falls outside the editorial scope of the journal.

Use of inclusive language

The journal's gender policy recommends authors to use inclusive and non-sexist language in their articles. In this sense, the use of inclusive terms of both genders will be preferable. For example, the use of person instead of man or woman.

Sex and gender stereotypes should be avoided both in the writing elements (choice of words, metaphors, analogies and naming practices) and in the visual representations (images, tables and graphs). )

It is recommended to follow the indications of the Guide for a non-sexist use of the language of the CSIC, the Gendered Innovations How Gender Analysis Contributes to Research of the European Commission, and the toolkit of the Efforti European project, which includes many useful recommendations.

Gender Analysis in Research (IAGI)

The authors must indicate whether gender has been considered in the design and development of the research both in the research hypothesis, in the methodological design, the design of the information collection instruments and data analysis with the in order to allow the identification of possible differences and avoid bias.

Full names in the bibliography

The authors must include the full names of the researchers in the bibliography following the following scheme adapted from APA 7:

Alvarez-Garcia, Sergio; Rodriguez-Garcia, Teresa; Galvez-de-la-Cuesta, Maria-del-Carmen; Gertrudis-Casado, Maria-del-Carmen; & Baños-González, Miguel. (2011). Interviewing in Second Life: Immersive Communication and Education. ICONO journal 14. Scientific Journal of Communication and Emerging Technologies, 9(2), 328. https://doi.org/10.7195/ri14.v9i2.507

In order to adequately recognize the substantive participation that each author who signs the article has made in the development of the research, ICONO14 journal follows the criteria established by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) .

For this, in the declaration of authorship they must indicate, for each one, which are the corresponding roles based on the model defined in the project CASRAI CRediT.

The authors will be indicated with the following scheme: Name Surname: Role1, Role2. For example: Pedro García-Martínez:Conceptualization, Methodology. Carolina Gutiérrez:Research, Validation, Supervision. Etc

The order of signing will follow the model of the SDC approach (Sequence Determines Credit), so that the first author will be the one who has made the most relevant contributions to the research, and the rest will appear successively on the right indicating contributions decreasing.

Policy on Corrections, Retractions and Post-Publication Updates (Crossmark)

All articles published in ICONO14 are assigned a DOI and remain permanently available in their final version, following double-blind peer review.

To ensure that readers can access the most up-to-date version of an article and be informed of any updates, corrections, or retractions, each article includes the “Crossmark” button.

ICONO14 is committed to maintaining the integrity of its published content, registering any modifications or updates immediately, and ensuring the visibility of the Crossmark button across different versions of the articles.

Editorial procedure for corrections and retractions

In accordance with the COPE Retraction Guidelines (version 2) and international best practices in scholarly publishing, the journal’s policy on changes applies under the following circumstances:

Article correction

Corrections will be issued when significant errors are identified after publication that may mislead readers or affect the interpretation of the results.

Retraction

Articles may be retracted for any of the following reasons:

• Unintentional errors reported by the authors (for example, in data, instruments, or analyses used).
• Ethical misconduct (data fabrication or manipulation, fraudulent use of information, plagiarism, unethical research practices, duplicate publication or overlap, falsification or manipulation of images, among others).

For any retracted article, the reason for retraction and the party requesting it will be clearly stated in a Retraction Notice published alongside the article. The original article will remain accessible on the website with a visible watermark indicating its retracted status.

Retraction requests may be submitted by the authors (in cases of unintentional error) or by any institution or researcher who identifies any of the causes outlined in the journal’s ethical code.

The retraction procedure will follow the recommendations set out in the COPE Retraction Guidelines (version 2).

Expression of Concern (Editorial Notice)

In cases where there is reasonable suspicion of irregularities in an article and while the corresponding investigation is ongoing, the journal may publish an Expression of Concern to inform readers that the article is under review.

What is Crossmark?

Crossmark is a Crossref service that allows readers to verify whether published content has been updated, corrected, or retracted after publication.

Its purpose is to enable readers to easily identify whether they are consulting the most current version of a document.

This policy is published with DOI: https://doi.org/10.7195/ri14.policies

Complaints and Appeals Policy

ICONO14 has a formal procedure for the receipt, assessment, and resolution of complaints related to the editorial and peer review process, as well as potential conflicts of interest or unethical conduct.

Submission channel: Complaints must be submitted in writing to the email address info@icono14.net with the subject line “ICONO14 Editorial Complaint”.

Types of complaints: reviewer conduct, editorial conduct, unmanaged conflicts of interest, breaches of editorial policies, unequal treatment, or irregularities in the review and decision-making process.

Process: The complaint will be initially evaluated by the editorial team responsible for ethics, which may request additional information from the parties involved. Depending on the complexity and nature of the complaint, an internal investigation will be conducted and a resolution proposed.

Timelines: In general terms, the journal will acknowledge receipt of the complaint within a maximum of 10 working days and will communicate a provisional resolution within no more than 30 working days, unless exceptional circumstances justify a longer review period.

Appeals: If any party is not satisfied with the resolution, they may request an appeal before an independent committee within the editorial board, which will re-evaluate the matter impartially.

All stages of the procedure will be conducted with due respect for confidentiality and in accordance with good scholarly publishing practices.

Policy on data, code, and supplementary materials availability

ICONO14 Journal adheres to the Transparency and Openness Promotion Guidelines (TOP Guidelines) and the FAIR Principles, with the aim of promoting transparency, traceability, and reusability of research outputs.

A Data Availability Statement (DAS) is mandatory for all manuscripts submitted to the journal. An explicit statement must always be included, even when indicating “Not applicable”, “Data are included within the article”, or “Data are available in repository X”. When data, code, or materials are deposited in external repositories, the corresponding DOI or URL must be included both in the manuscript and in the appropriate submission field within OJS (e.g., “References” or “Research Data”, depending on the platform configuration).

1) Scope and purpose

This policy applies to all articles published in the journal and covers the availability of data, code, instruments, and supplementary materials (extended tables, figures, infographics, multimedia files, etc.) used in the research process.

2) Objectives

• To facilitate the evaluation, validation, and reproducibility of published results.
• To enable the reuse of data, code, and materials employed in the design and implementation of the research.

3) Deposit and citation

Authors are required to deposit these resources in open-access repositories that assign persistent identifiers, such as Zenodo or BURJC Digital, or other equivalent repositories in their field. Each deposited resource must be cited within the manuscript and include its DOI or stable URL both in the text and in the submission metadata.

4) Justified restrictions

If certain materials cannot be made publicly available for reasons of confidentiality, third-party rights, or sensitive data, authors must explicitly indicate this through a data availability statement within the article, explaining the reason and the conditions for restricted access when applicable.

5) FAIR best practices

Authors are encouraged to verify compliance with the FAIR Principles using the FAIR-Aware tool and to accompany all materials with adequate documentation (licenses, versions, metadata, variable dictionaries, README files, etc.) ensuring their findability, accessibility, interoperability, and reusability.

6) TOP compliance level

The following diagram shows the current level of compliance with the TOP Guidelines achieved by ICONO14 Journal:

In order to ensure proper recognition of individual contributions in each publication, ICONO14 adopts the authorship criteria established by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE).

The journal requires that the authorship statement specifies the specific contribution of each author according to the CRediT (Contributor Roles Taxonomy) model, an international standard for identifying roles in scholarly publishing.

Contributions must be stated using the following format: Name Surname: Role1, Role2. For example: Pedro García-Martínez: Conceptualization, Methodology. Carolina Gutiérrez: Investigation, Validation, Supervision.

The order of authorship will follow the Sequence Determines Credit (SDC) principle, meaning that the first author will be the one who made the most significant contribution to the research, with subsequent authors listed in decreasing order of contribution.

All authors must meet the ICMJE authorship criteria and assume public responsibility for the content of the work. The journal may request additional clarification if there are doubts regarding the attribution of contributions.

The inclusion of authors must exclude practices such as gift authorship (gift authorship) or ghost authorship (ghost authorship), in accordance with internationally recognized principles of research integrity and publishing ethics.

For further information on copyright and licensing conditions applicable to submitted manuscripts, please consult the Copyright Notice.

ICONO14 provides immediate open access to all its content based on the principle that making research freely available to the public fosters a greater global exchange of knowledge.

ICONO14 adheres to initiatives that promote open access to scholarly knowledge, including the cOAlition S Plan S, the principles of the AmeliCA scholarly communication infrastructure, and the guidelines of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), promoting transparent, ethical and traceable scholarly communication. Accordingly, all content published in ICONO14 is freely available under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) .

By publishing in this journal, authors agree to the following conditions:

1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal a non-exclusive licence to publish and disseminate the article. All published content is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) licence, which permits unrestricted reuse provided that appropriate credit is given to the original authors and source.
2. Authors may enter into separate, additional non-exclusive contractual arrangements for the distribution of the published version of the article (for example, through institutional repositories or inclusion in books), provided that the original publication in ICONO14 is clearly acknowledged.
3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to disseminate their work online (for example, through institutional or personal websites), as this may increase the visibility, dissemination and impact of the published research (see The Effect of Open Access).
4. Authors who choose to publish an authorised translation of an article originally published in ICONO14 in another journal or publishing venue shall ensure that the following conditions are met:
   • The translated version explicitly states that it is a translation of an article originally published in ICONO14.
   • The complete bibliographic reference of the original publication, including its DOI and a permanent link to the version published in ICONO14, is provided.
   • Where the translated version is assigned a separate DOI, the receiving journal or publisher shall establish an explicit relationship between both versions through the appropriate persistent identifier metadata (for example, using the isTranslationOf relationship in Crossref or an equivalent mechanism), thereby ensuring the long-term traceability and interoperability of the original publication and its translation.
   • Before publication of the translation, authors shall inform ICONO14 of the proposed publication and provide evidence that the receiving journal or publisher is able to comply with the above requirements. Failure to meet these conditions may result in ICONO14 not recognising the translated version as an official derivative of the original publication.

Whenever possible, ICONO14 recommends that official translations of articles be published within the journal itself. Where publication in another journal is considered, the receiving publication must ensure the unambiguous identification of the original article and maintain a permanent scholarly link between both versions through internationally recognised metadata and persistent identifier standards.

Digital Accessibility Policy

ICONO14 is committed to ensuring universal access to its contents and editorial services, reducing accessibility barriers for people with disabilities and promoting an inclusive user experience across different devices and technological environments.

The journal works to keep its platform and published content aligned with internationally recognised web accessibility best practices, taking as reference the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.1 and the accessibility requirements applicable within the European framework (EN 301 549), particularly regarding keyboard navigation, semantic structure, alternative text, and clarity of interaction.

Furthermore, ICONO14 promotes the use of structured and interoperable formats (such as XML-JATS and standardised metadata), which facilitate the preservation, reuse, and long-term accessibility of academic content.

If you detect accessibility barriers on the website or within the published content, you may report them to info@icono14.net, indicating the affected URL and, if possible, a brief description of the issue.

User Identification Data

Data collected from registered and unregistered users of the ICONO14 journal falls within the scope of the standard operation of peer-reviewed journals.

The editorial team of this journal uses this information to guide its publication and improvement work on this journal. Authors whose works are published in this journal are responsible for data on people that may contain or appear in published research.

The editors of the journal ICONO14 comply with the industrial data privacy standards, specifically the provision of the General Regulation of Data Protection of the European Union (GDPR) for "rights of the subjects of the data" which include (a) notification of non-compliance; (b) right of access; (c) the right to be forgotten; (d) data portability; and (e) privacy by design. The GDPR also allows the recognition of the "public interest in the availability of data", which has a special relevance for those involved in maintaining, with the greatest possible integrity, the public registry of academic publications.

Who is responsible for the data?

• Business name: Scientific Association ICONO14
• Trade name: ICONO14
• Registered office: C/ Salud 15
• Tax Id. Code and number: G - 84075977
• Telephone: +34649186701
• e-Mail: info[]icono14.net
• Registered in the Register: National Association of the Ministry of the Interior
• Domain name: www.icono14.net - www.icono14.es
• Administrative authorization: 168178 de la Sección 1ª

What information do we collect and for what purpose do we process your data?

• Send communications about the editorial process.
• Guide the authors about the publication and improvement work of this journal.
• Inform readers about content authorship and editing.
• Improve the retrieval of information and articles of interest by readers through the collection of aggregate data on the behavior of readers and the tracking of elements of academic communication.
• Manage editorial correspondence.
• Send information and informative communications related to scientific research, the areas of interest and the focus of the journal, through different means, including the news bulletin of the journal, managed by the external application Mautic.
• Carry out statistical studies related to the areas of interest and the focus of the journal.
• We do not make automated decisions based on profiles.
• We receive information through other platforms, for example, if you register through ORCID or similar technologies. This could include text or personal images available on the external page.

How long do we keep your data?

The personal data provided will be kept blocked at the end of the relationship and the deletion is made in accordance with the provisions of:

• Regulation EU 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016, (Art 17, 1a)
• Law 16/1985, of June 25, of the Spanish Historical Heritage
• Law 4/1993, of April 21, on Archives and Documentary Heritage of the Community of Madrid.

However, given that in the academic publication, the data related to the authors, editors, reviewers and others involved in the editorial process are still necessary for the purposes of the journal, and, as such, is part of a record that Article 85 of the GDPR allows "for archiving for the public interest, scientific or historical research or for statistical purposes whose maintenance is in the public interest", the publication shall adjust, in this case, to the exceptions described in said article.

What is the legitimacy for the processing of your data?

The legal basis for the treatment of your data is the provision of the service and/or consent of the interested party.

For the sending of newsletters through the email you have provided us to contact you in a personalized way or recognize you in your next visit, we rely on informed consent.

The treatment of the information collected by our cookies is based on the informed consent that you give us, in accordance with current legislation.

To whom will your data be disclosed?

Data that contribute to the development and improvement of the Open Journal Systems platform used by ICONO14 may be shared with its developer, the Public Knowledge Project, in anonymous and aggregated form, with appropriate exceptions such as article-level metrics.

1. Data of users registered in OJS
Personal data provided by users during registration in the OJS platform (name, affiliation, email address, and other profile information) are used exclusively for editorial management, communication during the peer review and publication process, and system maintenance. These data are not disclosed to third parties, except where necessary for the provision of editorial services or when legally required.

2. Public metadata of published articles
Metadata associated with published articles (authors’ names and surnames, affiliation, ORCID identifier, country, title, abstract, keywords, and references) form part of the public scholarly record. These metadata are deposited and distributed through indexing, identification, and preservation infrastructures such as Crossref (for DOI registration and assignment), DOAJ, OAI-PMH, LOCKSS, and the PKP Preservation Network, in order to ensure interoperability, visibility, and long-term preservation of the published content.

3. Analytics and usage statistics
The journal uses analytics tools integrated into OJS and self-hosted web analytics systems (Matomo), hosted on servers directly managed by ICONO14. These systems are used exclusively to obtain aggregated usage statistics (visits, downloads, and geographic origin). Data are processed in aggregated or anonymized form and do not allow individual user identification.

The journal’s technological infrastructure (OJS, Matomo, and related management systems) is hosted on servers owned or directly controlled by ICONO14, with no international data transfers to external third-party providers.

Users’ personal data will not be sold or transferred for purposes other than those established in this policy, except where legally required.

Is there an obligation to provide data and consequences of not doing so?

Failure to provide the data expressly requested will prevent registration in the journal, the sending of originals and the editorial follow-up of them.

How do we protect your data?

The website of the ICONO14 journal uses information security techniques generally accepted in the industry, such as firewalls, access control procedures and cryptographic mechanisms, all with the aim of preventing unauthorized access to data. To achieve these purposes, the user accepts that the provider obtains data for the purposes of the corresponding authentication of the access controls. All information is always transmitted through secure communication protocol (https, SSL), so that no third party has access to information transmitted electronically.

All personal data is stored securely in accordance with the EU General Data Protection Regulation (Regulation (EU) 2016/679) (GDPR).

What are your rights when you provide us with your information?

• Anyone has the right to obtain confirmation about whether or not in the Scientific Association ICON 14 we are dealing with personal data that concerns them, or not.
• Interested persons have the right to access their personal data, as well as to request the correction of inaccurate data or, where appropriate, request its deletion when, among other reasons, the data is no longer necessary for the purposes They were picked up.
• Under certain circumstances, interested parties may request the limitation of the processing of their data, in which case we will only keep them for the exercise or defense of claims.
• In certain circumstances and for reasons related to their particular situation, the interested parties may object to the processing of their data. The Scientific Association ICON 14 will stop processing the data, except for legitimate reasons or the exercise or defense of possible claims.
• To file a claim with the Control Authority - Spanish Agency for Data Protection.

How to exercise the rights of ownership?

• In the electronic address: https://www.icono14.net
• Email: info@icono14.net
• Registers (Art. 16 Law 39/2015 of the Common Administrative Procedure of the Public Administrations.)
• Postal Address: C / Salud, 15 28013 Madrid
• Right to withdraw consent: you have the right to withdraw the consent given.
• Right to complain before the Control Authority: Spanish Agency for Data Protection (AEPD), www.agpd.es

Cookies Policy

The journal ICONO14 uses cookies to manage user sessions, for which they are necessary if you are an author, reviewer or editor of the journal. Cookies are not used if only the journal is accessed as a reader, without registration.

On some pages we use cookies to remember questions such as: a) your presentation preferences; b) the processing status of an item sent; c) reading notifications related to the evaluation and editorial process of an article; d) whether or not you have given your consent for us to use cookies on our website; or e) reading accesses made to published articles.

In addition, some multimedia resources, such as the videos embedded in our pages, use cookies to produce anonymous statistics on how you got there and what videos you have viewed.

Although cookies are not essential for the website to work, if you enable them you will enjoy a better browsing experience. You can delete or block cookies, but if you do, it is possible that some of the features of this website may not work properly. To access the article submission system and follow the editorial process these cookies are essential, so if they are not enabled you can not use that system.

The information associated with cookies is not used to personally identify the user. In addition, we keep data on your browsing patterns fully under our control. These cookies are used exclusively for the purposes indicated here.

Web Metrics Analysis

The website's servers can automatically detect the IP address and domain name used by the user. An IP address is a number automatically assigned to a computer when it connects to the Internet. All this information is registered in a server activity file that allows the subsequent processing of the data in order to obtain only statistical measurements that allow knowing the number of page impressions, the number of visits made to the web services, the order of visits, the access point, etc.

For this purpose, both internal OJS analytics systems and Matomo.