Técnicas neurocientíficas aplicadas a estímulos audiovisuales: análisis cognitivo-emocional de anuncios de Heineken durante la COVID-19
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A través de técnicas de neurociencia aplicadas al análisis de contenidos audiovisuales, se estudian cuatro anuncios de la marca Heineken producidos durante la pandemia de COVID-19. El objetivo principal es detectar qué respuestas cognitivas y emocionales suscitan los distintos estímulos en treinta sujetos y evaluar si la construcción narrativa de los anuncios funciona a la hora de transmitir sus mensajes publicitarios en imágenes y sonidos. Para ello, tras la realización de un análisis textual preliminar, se emplean herramientas de registro de microexpresiones faciales y de eye tracking y se completa la investigación con un test de recuerdo. Los resultados señalan la predominancia de las emociones de alegría y sorpresa, así como la presencia de otras emociones (asco, desprecio, tristeza) en momentos puntuales. A su vez, se constata que los tipos de imágenes que más captan la atención del espectador son las que incluyen acciones llamativas, emocionantes, ilustrativas de la pandemia (mascarilla, saludo a distancia, etc.) o que introducen un texto escrito en pantalla. Igualmente, se observa que el producto Heineken en sus variadas materializaciones (botella, grifo, imagotipo, etc.) solo es percibido de forma destacada en el encuadre si hay una acción dramática que lo acompaña o subraya. Por el contrario, la figura humana (los ojos, sobre todo), es el componente visual en el que se centra predominantemente la mirada de los sujetos. Por último, los resultados del test de recuerdo coinciden con el resto de análisis respecto a la intensidad de las emociones que les han producido los estímulos.
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